Textile factories significantly grew during the First Industrial Revolution, especially british ones.

image source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution#/media/File:Powerloom_weaving_in_1835.jpg
The growing demand for clothing and cloth was satisfied by the integration of machinery in the factory system. In fact, several inventions in textile machinery occurred in a relatively short time period during the Industrial Revolution. Since they made weaving cloth and spinning yarn and thread much easier, producing cloth became faster and required less time and far less human labor.
Here is a timeline highlighting the most interesting innovations:
1733
Flying shuttle: invented by John Kay: an improvement to looms that enabled weavers to weave faster.

image source: https://twitter.com/sim_manchester/status/868008853325193216
1742
Cotton mills were first opened in England.
1764
Spinning jenny invented by James Hargreaves: the first machine to improve upon the spinning wheel, patented in 1770.

image source: https://www.thoughtco.com/industrial-revolution-in-pictures-1991940
1769
Richard Arkwright patented the water frame: the first powered textile machine.

1773
The first all-cotton textiles were produced in factories.
1779
Crompton invented the spinning mule that allowed for greater control over the weaving process.

image source: https://www.sutori.com/item/samuel-crompton-1779-the-spinning-mule-was-made-of-combined-feature-from-he-wate
1785
Cartwright patented the power loom. It was improved upon by William Horrocks, known for his invention of the variable speed batton in 1813.

image source: https://sites.google.com/a/masdstudent.org/inventions-that-changed-america—the-industrial-revolution/4-the-power-loom
1789
Samuel Slater brought textile machinery design to the United States, spreading for the first time the effects of the british industrial revolution.
1790
Arkwright built the first steam-powered textile factory in Nottingham, England.
1792
Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin: the machine that automated the separation of cottonseed from the short-staple cotton fiber.

image source: http://ushaplahs201617.blogspot.com/2016/09/the-entrepreneurial-spirit-of-eli.html?m=0
1804
Joseph Marie Jacquar invented the Jacquard Loom that weaved complex designs. Jacquard invented a way of automatically controlling the warp and weft threads on a silk loom by recording patterns of holes in a string of cards.

image source: http://historicdress.org/omeka/items/show/331
1813
William Horrocks invented the variable speed batton for an improved power loom.
1856
William Perkin invented the first synthetic dye.
info source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution#Textile_manufacture